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In Hydroprocessing reactors, pressure drop is mainly induced by particulates build-up and gum formations. Pressure drop not only affect the capacity of the unit but can also have detrimental impact on the distribution.

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Particulates can have various origins such as:

  • Iron scales
  • Iron sulfides
  • Coke fines (from coker products)
  • Catalyst fines (from FCC products)
  • Sediments
  • Salts

Proper feed filtration system should be able to remove most of these particulates contained in the feed. However, scales from the unit equipment or particulates formed within the unit itself (iron sulphide, coke and in some cases clays) have to be handled by a dedicated grading.

This grading must be designed to ensure the maximum retention while minimizing the pressure drop. Therefore, a proper arrangement of high void fraction materials with decreasing size, various porosities and surfaces, increased activities must be put in place.

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